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Table 2 Index test-related domains

From: Insertion torque recordings for the diagnosis of contact between orthodontic mini-implants and dental roots: a systematic review

Authors

Index test

Time point of torque recording

Implant type, number, and dimensions

Location of insertion

Drilling technique

Test threshold

Motoyoshi et al. [6]

Digital

Terminal rotation of the screw

143 ISAa

1.6 × 8 mm

Between maxillary first molar and second bicuspid

Self-drilling and pre-drilling

Not reported

Chen et al. [84]

Mechanical

During the last 1/3 of the insertion process

72 Leibingera

2.0 × 11 mm

With root contact

Distal aspect of the first, second, third, and fourth mandibular premolars

Pre-drilling

Not reported

Without root contact

Under the bifurcation of the second, third, and fourth mandibular premolars and first molars

Brisceno et al. [25]

Digital

Not reported

56 IMTECa

1.8 × 8 mm

Distal or mesial roots of the mandibular second, third, fourth premolars, and first molars

Self-drilling

Not reported

Wilmes et al. [33]

Digital

Last 0.2 mm of the insertion process

320 dual topa

1.6 × 8 mm

Randomly in the mandibular alveolar ridge

Pre-drilling

Not reported

McEwan [32]

Digital

After 0.5 min of insertion and during the entire insertion process

30 3Ma

1.8 × 6 mm

30 Tomasb

1.6 × 6 mm

Between or in contact with the mandibular first, second, and third premolars

Self-drilling

Not reported

  1. aImplant types: ISA, Biodent (Tokyo, Japan); Leibinger (Freiburg, Germany); IMTEC (Ardmore Oklahoma); Dual top, Jeil Medical (Seoul, Korea); 3M TAD, Unitek™ (Monrovia, CA, USA); Tomas® pin, Dentaurum (Ispringen, Germany)
  2. bAll data in this table represent those reported in the original manuscript. Additional data obtained through our protocol for ‘Contacting authors’ are not included in this table