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Table 2 Summary of study quality based on the CASP randomised controlled trial checklist and the SORT

From: Psychosocial interventions for managing occupational stress and burnout among medical doctors: a systematic review

 

CASP

SORT

Study

1. Did the study address a clearly focused issue?

2. Was the assignment of patients to treatments randomised?

3. Were patients, health workers, and study personnel blinded?

4. Were the groups similar at the start of the trial?

5. Aside from the experimental intervention, were the groups treated equally?

6. Were all of the patients who entered the trial properly accounted for at its conclusion?

7. How large was the treatment effect?a

8. How precise was the estimate of the treatment effect?b

9. Can the results be applied to other populations?

10. Were all clinically important outcomes considered?

11. Are the benefits worth the harms and the costs?c

Level of Evidence

Arora et al. [40]

Yes

Yes

Patients only

Yes

Yes

Yes

Insufficient results presented to determine

Not reported

Yes

Acceptability and satisfaction not considered

Uncertain

2

Bar-Sela et al. [46]

Yes

N/A

(single sample)

N/A

N/A

N/A

Yes

Insufficient results presented to determine

Not reported

Yes

Participation/adherence not reported

Uncertain

2

Bragard et al. [45]

Yes

Yes

No

No

No

(passive control condition)

No

(11 were excluded for not completing all assessments, but no details were given)

Medium

Not reported

Yes

Acceptability and satisfaction not considered

Yes

2

Ghetti et al. [47]

Yes

N/A

(single sample)

N/A

N/A

N/A

No

Insufficient results presented to determine

Not reported

No

(less than half of participants in groups completed measures)

Acceptability, satisfaction, and participation/attendance not considered

Uncertain

2

Gunasingam et al. [26]

Yes

Yes

No

No

No

(passive control condition)

Yes

Insufficient results presented to determine

Not reported

Yes

Doctor participation/attendance not considered

Uncertain

2

Isaksson et al. [25]

Yes

N/A

(single sample)

N/A

N/A

N/A

Yes

Medium

Not reported

Yes

Yes

Yes

2

Isaksson et al. [50]

Yes

N/A

(single sample)

N/A

N/A

N/A

No

Medium

Not reported

Yes

No

(excluded 2 of 3 MBI scales as well as the symptom checklist that was previously administered at 12 month follow up

Yes

2

Kotb et al. [32]

Yes

N/A

(single sample)

N/A

N/A

N/A

No

Small

Not reported

Yes

Yes

No

2

Krasner et al. [19]

Yes

N/A

(single sample)

N/A

N/A

N/A

No

Medium

(at follow up)

Not reported

Yes

Acceptability and satisfaction not considered

Yes

2

Lemaire et al. [37]

Yes

Yes

No

No

Yes

Yes

Small

Not reported

Yes

Acceptability and satisfaction not considered

No

2

Maher et al. [42]

Yes

No

Evaluators and researchers blinded, participants not

Unclear

No

(passive control group)

Uncertain

Insufficient results presented to determine

Not reported

Yes

Yes

No

2

Margalit et al. [36]

Yes

Yes

No

Yes

Yes

Uncertain

Small negative effect

Not reported

Yes

Acceptability and satisfaction not considered

No

2

McCue and Sachs [44]

Yes

No

No

No

No

(control group could not be released from work)

Yes

Insufficient results presented to determine

Not reported

Yes

Yes

Uncertain

2

Milstein et al. [43]

Yes

Yes

No

Yes

No

(passive control condition)

Yes

Insufficient results presented to determine

Not reported

Uncertain

(small sample size)

Acceptability and satisfaction not considered

Uncertain

2

Ospina-Kammerer and Figley [35]

Yes

No

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

Insufficient results presented to determine

Not reported

Yes

Total burnout scale not reported. No investigation of acceptability, satisfaction, or participation.

Uncertain

2

Pflugeisen et al. [39]

Yes

N/A

(single sample)

N/A

N/A

N/A

No

Large for stress, medium for PA subscale

Not reported

Yes

Acceptability, satisfaction, and participation/adherence not considered

Yes

2

Popenoe [33]

Yes

No

No

Uncertain

(no pre statistics reported)

Yes

Yes

Insufficient results presented to determine

Not reported

No

No

(only the EE aspect of burnout considered)

Uncertain

2

Shinefield [38]

Yes

No

No

No

No

Yes

Medium

Not reported

Yes

Yes

Yes

2

Sood et al. [48]

Yes

Yes

No

Yes

No

(passive control condition)

No

Large

Not reported

Yes

Acceptability and satisfaction not considered

Yes

2

Sood et al. [27]

Yes

Yes

No

Yes

No

(passive control condition)

No

Large

Not reported

Yes

Acceptability and satisfaction not considered

Yes

2

West et al. [49]

Yes

Yes

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

Insufficient results presented to determine

Not reported

Yes

Acceptability and satisfaction not considered

Uncertain

2

Wetzel et al. [41]

Yes

Yes

No

No

No

(passive control condition)

Yes

Large

Not reported

Yes

Yes

Yes

2

Winefield et al. [34]

Yes

N/A

(single sample)

N/A

N/A

N/A

Yes

Small

Not reported

Yes

Yes

No

2

  1. MBI Maslach Burnout Inventory, EE emotional exhaustion, PA personal accomplishment
  2. aBased only on effect sizes for primary outcome (stress or burnout) measures
  3. bBased on confidence intervals around an effect size
  4. cFor studies in which an effect size was not reported and not able to be calculated from the information provided, the weight of the benefits of the intervention were deemed unclear, and as such the item was entered as “uncertain”
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Systematic Reviews

ISSN: 2046-4053