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Table 3 Classification of statistical methods used to compare image-guided vital signs measurement against reference device

From: Availability and performance of image/video-based vital signs monitoring methods: a systematic review protocol

Gold standard

Acceptable

Inappropriate

 • Bland-Altman plot/limits of agreement (LOA) analysis

 • Intraclass correlation coefficient

 • Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient

 • British standards reproducibility/repeatability coefficient

For all methods in this category, if repeat measurements per patient have not obviously been accounted for, then classify as acceptable.

• Mean square error/deviation

• Root mean square error/deviation

• Mean absolute error/deviation

• Accuracy

• Categorisation (e.g. proportion of time/measurements test within a threshold of gold standard)

• Descriptive only—plot of test against gold standard, or test and gold standard signals overlaid

• (Pearson’s) correlation coefficient

• T test