Table 1 Data extract and quality assessment summary: cohort and case-control studies
Study | Design | Population, setting | Outcome: duration and follow-up | Study addresses an appropriate and clearly focused question | Participants being studied are selected from the same source populations | Indicate how many people participated | Main potential confounders identified and accounted for | How well was the study done to minimise the risk of bias or confounding? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. Joore I.K. et al., (2015) [42] | Case-control study | 102 cases and 299 controls, Amsterdam, Netherlands | HIV infection: 2002–2012 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Cannot say | + |
2. Damery S. et al. (2013) [17] | Case-control study | 939 cases and 2576 control, UK | HIV/AIDS diagnosis: Jan 1989–Sept 2010 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | ++ |
3. Szerlip M.A. et al. (2005) [39] | Case-control study (retrospective) | Older patients aged 55Â years and over (53 cases and 106 controls), New Orleans, USA | Diagnosis of HIV infection: 6Â months interval up to 12Â months | Yes | Yes | Yes | Cannot say | + |
4. Ellerbrock T.V. (2004) [30] | Case-control study | 217 cases 395 controls, FL, USA | HIV diagnosis: 1998–2000 | Cannot say | Yes | Yes | Cannot say | + |
5. Burchell, A.N. (2010) | Case-control study | Gay and bisexual men 123 cases and 240 controls, Ontario, Canada | HIV infection: 1998–2006 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | ++ |
6. Burchell, A. N. (2003) [41] | Case-control study | Adults aged 18 years and over 80 cases (seroconverts) and 106 controls, Ontario, Canada | Diagnosed HIV infection: June 1998–Dec 2001 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | ++ |
7. Hodder, S.L. (2013) [36] | Cohort study (prospective) | N = 2099 (women aged 18–44 with 1 or more personal or partner risk factors), USA | HIV prevalence and incidence: 2009–2010 with 6-month follow-up to 12 months | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | + |
8. Moran. J. (2012) [34] | Cohort study | N = 1404 Ireland | HIV infection: 2008–2011 | Yes | Cannot say | Yes | No | + |
9. Desai M. (2012) [38] | Cohort study | N = 328 UK | HIV infection: Sept 2010–Dec 2011 | Yes | Cannot say | Yes | No | + |
10. Guy R.J. (2011) [35] | Cohort study | N = 7857 (MSM) Victoria, Australia | HIV positivity: Apr 2006–Jun 2009 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Cannot say | + |
11. Krauskopf K. (2011) [45] | Cohort study | N = 643 (HIV-infected and at-risk men aged 49 years and older), Bronx, NY, USA | HIV infection: 2001–2006 6-month follow-up | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | ++ |
12. Niyonsenga T (2013) [37] | Cohort study | N = 20,528 (all cases with HIV/AIDS diagnosis), FL, USA | AIDS/HIV incidence: 1998–2002 | Yes | Cannot say | Yes | Cannot say | + |
13. Ross, J. D. (1997) [31] | Cohort study | N = 8466 (population aged 16 and over), Lothian and Glasgow region of Scotland | HIV positive results: Jan 1989–Dec 1993 | Yes |  | Yes |  |  |
14. Gordon S. M. (1995) [32] | Cohort study | N = 32 (HIV-positive patients aged ≥ 60) Atlanta, GA, USA | HIV positivity: Jan 1985–July 1992 | Yes | No | Yes | No | + |
15. Marder K. (1995) [44] | Cohort study (prospective) | Intravenous drug users (99 HIV + ve patients 124 HIV − ve patients), New York City, USA | HIV infection: recruited 1988 and followed up for 3.5 years and 6-month follow-up | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | ++ |
16. Hafner J. W. (1997) [33] | Cohort study (retrospective) | N = 344 Albuquerque, NM, USA | HIV diagnosis: 19-month period July 1993–Jan 1995 | Yes |  | Yes | Cannot say | + |
17. Landau R. (1997) [43] | Cohort study (retrospective) | N = 133 (A&E patients aware and unaware of HIV status), London, UK | HIV infection: 1991–1994 | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | + |