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Table 1 Classification scheme for results and conclusions related to the primary outcome [6, 22,23,24,25]

From: Evaluation of the reliability, usability, and applicability of AMSTAR, AMSTAR 2, and ROBIS: protocol for a descriptive analytic study

Classification

Observation

Results

 Favourable

P < 0.10 in favour of the intervention, or described as ‘statistically significant’

 Neutral

P > 0.10, or described as ‘no difference between groups’

 Unfavourable

P < 0.10 in favour of the comparator, or described as ‘favouring the non-intervention comparator’

Conclusions

 Positive-strong

Authors state that there is clear evidence for the effectiveness of the intervention, and no further research is needed

 Positive-weak

Authors state that there is evidence for the effectiveness of the intervention, but more research is needed to confirm the findings

 Neutral

Authors state that there is no or insufficient evidence about whether the intervention is effective or not, and more research is needed to reach a conclusion

 Negative-weak

Authors state that there is evidence against the use of the intervention, but more research is needed to confirm the findings

 Negative-strong

Authors state that there is clear evidence against the use of the intervention, and no further research is needed