Domains | Risk of bias | Applicability concerns | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Study | Patient selection | Index test | Reference standard | Flow and timing | Patient selection | Index test | Reference standard |
 1. Ahmed, J. et al. 2006 | Low | Low | Low | High | High | Low | Unclear |
 2. Aptel, F. et al. 2008 | Low | Low | Low | Unclear | Low | Low | Low |
 3. Baeza, M. et al. 2009 | High | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
 4. Boucher, M. C. et al. 2003 | Low | Low | Low | High | High | High | Low |
 5. Ding, J. et al. 2012 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | High | Low |
 6. Hansen, A. B. et al. 2004 | High | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
 7. Henricsson, M. et al. 2000 | Low | Low | Low | Unclear | Low | Low | Low |
 8. Herbert, H. M. et al. 2003 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | High | Low |
 9. Ku, J. J. et al. 2013 | Low | Low | Low | Unclear | High | Low | Low |
 10. Kuo, H. K. et al. 2005 | Low | Low | Low | Low | High | Low | Low |
 11. LopezBastida, J. et al. 2007 | Low | Low | Low | Unclear | Low | Unclear | Low |
 12. Maberley, D. et al. 2002 | Low | Low | Low | Low | High | High | Low |
 13. Massin, P. et al. 2003 | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | High | High | Low |
 14. Murgatroyd H et al. 2003 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
 15. Neubauer, A. S. et al. 2008 | Low | Low | Low | Unclear | Low | Low | Low |
 16. Olson, J. A. et al. 2003 | Unclear | Low | Low | Unclear | Low | Low | Low |
 17. Phiri, R. et al. 2006 | Unclear | Low | Low | Low | Low | High | Low |
 18. Scanlon, P. H. et al. 2003 | Low | Low | Low | Low | High | High | Low |
 19. Scanlon, P. H. et al. 2003_(2) | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | High | Low |
 20. Suansilpong, A et al. 2008 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
 21. Sundling, V. et al. 2013 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
Studies excluded in meta-analysis | |||||||
 22. Bhargava, M. et al. 2012 | High | High | High | Unclear | Low | High | Low |
 23. Mizrachi, Y. et al. 2014 | High | High | High | High | High | High | Low |
 24. Perrier, M. et al. 2003 | High | Low | Low | High | High | High | Low |
 25. Schiffman, R.M. et al. 2005 | Low | High | High | Unclear | Low | High | High |
 26. Tu, K.L. et al. 2004 | High | High | High | Low | Low | High | Low |