Table 5 Summary of findings for primary outcomes: exercise and diet versus diet
Exercise and diet compared to Diet for women with PCOS | ||||||
Patient or population: women with PCOS Setting: Intervention: exercise and diet Comparison: Diet | ||||||
Outcomes | Anticipated absolute effects* (95% CI) | Relative effect (95% CI) | № of participants (studies) | Certainty of the evidence (GRADE) | Comments | |
Risk with Diet | Risk with exercise and diet | |||||
Fasting blood glucose (change from baseline) follow-up: range 16 weeks to 20 weeks | The mean fasting blood glucose (change from baseline) ranged from − 7.0 to − 3.2 mg/dL | The mean fasting blood glucose (change from baseline) in the intervention group was 2.92 mg/dL higher (0.4 lower to 6.23 higher) | – | 78 (2 RCTs) | ⨁◯◯◯ VERY LOW a,b | We are uncertain about the effect of exercise and diet on fasting blood glucose (change from baseline). |
Fasting insulin (change from baseline) follow-up: range 12 weeks to 20 weeks | The mean fasting insulin (change from baseline) ranged from − 2.9 to − 18.54 μU/ml | The mean fasting insulin (change from baseline) in the intervention group was 2.22 μU/ml higher (3.7 lower to 8.14 higher) | – | 90 (3 RCTs) | ⨁◯◯◯ VERY LOW a,c,d | We are uncertain about the effect of exercise and diet on fasting insulin (change from baseline). |
HOMA-IR (change from baseline) follow-up: range 16 weeks to 20 weeks | The mean HOMA-IR (change from baseline) ranged from − 0.74 to − 0.56 | The mean HOMA-IR (change from baseline) in the intervention group was 0.01 lower (0.45 lower to 0.43 higher) | – | 78 (2 RCTs) | ⨁◯◯◯ VERY LOW a,b | We are uncertain about the effect of exercise and diet on HOMA-IR (change from baseline). |
*The risk in the intervention group (and its 95% confidence interval) is based on the assumed risk in the comparison group and the relative effect of the intervention (and its 95% CI). CI: Confidence interval; MD: Mean difference | ||||||
GRADE Working Group grades of evidence High certainty: We are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect Moderate certainty: We are moderately confident in the effect estimate: The true effect is likely to be close to the estimate of the effect, but there is a possibility that it is substantially different Low certainty: Our confidence in the effect estimate is limited: The true effect may be substantially different from the estimate of the effect Very low certainty: We have very little confidence in the effect estimate: The true effect is likely to be substantially different from the estimate of effect | ||||||