Table 1 Inclusion and exclusion criteria for the selection of studies for the review

Population

Young people (defined as 10–24 years)^a

Human populations

Population other than young people (10–24 years)

Animal studies

Health services

1. Health services outside of acute hospital settings, i.e., in the out-of-hospital space services provided in a range of settings including schools

2. Integrated, i.e., include an element of coordination between/across different health and social care sectors

Hospital-based health services, services other than integrated health services

Outcomes

Studies describing outcomes related to effectiveness, feasibility, and acceptability of health services. Some examples are mentioned below.

Effectiveness: survival rate, rate of emergency department visit, rate of readmission, quality of life

Acceptability: participation rate, satisfaction rate, compliance rate

Feasibility: logistic challenges, coverage, staffing, time constraints

Any other outcomes

Study design

Experimental (randomized controlled trials, quasi-randomized controlled trials, non-randomized clinical trials)

Quasi-experimental (interrupted time series, controlled before-after studies) and observational (cohort, case-control, cross-sectional, case series)

Qualitative studies

Reviews, meta-analyses, and overviews^a

Opinion pieces (i.e., commentaries, editorials, letters to editor)

Publication date

All

No exclusion on publication date

Language

Articles published in the English language

Articles published in any language other than English