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Table 1 The Cochrane risk of bias tool

From: Risk of bias judgements and strength of conclusions in meta-evidence from the Cochrane Colorectal Cancer Group

Risk of bias domain

Judgement

Random sequence generation

Selection bias (biased allocation to interventions) due to inadequate generation of a randomized sequence.

Allocation concealment

Selection bias (biased allocation to interventions) due to inadequate concealment of allocations prior to assignment.

Blinding of participants and personnel

Performance bias due to knowledge of the allocated interventions by participants and personnel during the study.

Blinding of outcome assessment

Detection bias due to knowledge of the allocated interventions by outcome assessors.

Incomplete outcome data

Attrition bias due to amount, nature or handling of incomplete outcome data.

Selective reporting

Reporting bias due to selective outcome reporting.

Other bias

Bias due to problems not covered elsewhere in the table.