Table 6 Summary of the range of factors assessed in reviews of stakeholders’ views of HPV vaccination communication interventions and of factors affecting the implementation of these interventions

HPV education

Knowledge [39, 48], information needs [42], HPV awareness [46], parents’ HPV-related knowledge and awareness—HPV vaccine knowledge and awareness [47], cervical cancer / HPV knowledge [47]

Level of knowledge [39, 42], acceptability [46, 48], uptake [47]

[39, 42, 46,47,48]

5

Health care provider influence

Physician recommendation [42], provider’s influence [45], health care provider recommendation [49]

Positive/negative [49], acceptability [42, 46], intention, uptake [45, 47]

[42, 45,46,47, 49]

5

Perceived benefits of HPV vaccination

Perceived HPV vaccine benefits [46,47,48,49]

Attitudes, acceptance [46, 48], intention or uptake [49], uptake [47]

[46,47,48,49]

4

Attitudes and beliefs

Parents’ vaccine attitudes—HPV vaccine safety concerns [47], fear of side effects/safety [48]

Acceptability [48], uptake [47]

[47,48,49]

3

Anticipatory regret [46, 47]

Attitudes, uptake [46, 47]

[46, 47]

2

Feeling that the vaccine was not needed for various reasons [49]

Positive/negative [49]

[49]

1

Perceived HPV vaccine effectiveness [46]

Attitudes [46]

[46]

1

Fear of needles [46]

Attitudes [46]

[46]

1

Belief in vaccines in general

Uptake [47]

[47]

1

Structural barriers

Vaccine cost [45,46,47, 49]

Acceptability [46], intention or uptake [49], uptake [45, 47, 49]

[45,46,47, 49]

4

Perceived HPV severity [46]

Acceptability [46]

[46]

1

Logistical barriers [46]

Acceptability [46]

[46]

1

Need for multiple shots/doses [46]

Acceptability [46]

[46]

1

Acceptability

Acceptability [42, 46]

Level of acceptability [42, 46]

[42, 46]

2

Parent’s vaccine beliefs, attitudes and intentions—intention to vaccinate child for HPV [47]

Uptake [47]

[47]

1

Sexual risk behavior

Number of lifetime sexual partners [46]

Acceptability [46]

[46]

1

Having a current sex partner [46]

Acceptability [46]

[46]

1

History of STI [46]

Acceptability [46]

[46]

1

Not being sexually active [49]

Positive/negative [49]

[49]

1

Other risk behaviors

Smoking cigarettes [46]

Acceptability [46]

[46]

1

Non-receipt of hepatitis B vaccine [46]

Acceptability [46]

[46]

1

Socio-demographic factors

Effects of neighborhoods [45]

Uptake [45]

[45]

1

Acculturation (e.g., language use, origin of birth) [45]

HPV vaccination [45]

[45]

1

Being employed [46]

Acceptability [46]

[46]

1

Educational level [46]

Acceptability [46]

[46]

1

Non-white (vs white) ethnicity [46]

Acceptability [46]

[46]

1

HPV vaccine endorsements

Endorsement from a governmental source [41]

N/A [41]

[41]

1

Partner thinks one should get the vaccine [46]

Acceptability [46]

[46]

1

Other

Cultural sexual health values (such as social norms regarding adolescent sexuality and stigma related to sexually transmitted diseases) [45]

N/A [45]

[45]

1

Immigration laws [45]

N/A [45]

[45]

1

Mother as HPV vaccine decision-maker (vs both parents) [47]

Uptake [47]

[47]

1

Social norms [49]

Intention or uptake [49]

[49]

1