Table 1 Eligibility criteria in study selection

• The model focuses on the incidence and/or progression of T2DM;

• The model does not describe the onset and the development of T2DM but focuses on a partial aspect of the disease; or

• The model has an explicit disease state structure: {{healthy} or {IGT}(Impaired Glucose Tolerance) or {IFG} (Impaired Fasting Glucose) or {pre-diabetes or {high-HbA1c}} and {{T2DM} or {T2DM with complication(s)}}. IGT, IFG, high-HbA1c and diabetes should be defined according to ADA [34] or WHO [35] criteria;

• The model is based on a real-life population: a tool must be able to model different populations that vary in age and/or gender structure. The starting population may comprise healthy individual (cohorts) and/or individuals (cohorts) in advanced stages of T2DM with/or without complications;

• The model is covering only T1DM.

• The model has employed a projection: a tool must be able to appraise changes in the health of the population over time (both short- (1 to 10 years) and long-term (> 10 years) projections); and

• The model has employed explicit risk factors (for example, comorbidities, BMI, hypertension, level of total cholesterol, socio-economic status, education, ethnicity, smoking, etc.): risk factors and their impact on the disease progression are explicitly displayed in the model at every time period and for every individual or subgroup units.

Methods/techniques

• The model is based on simulation techniques; and

• The modelling does not incorporate simulation techniques.

• The simulation is built on individual units representing an organ, a person or a cohort.

Study type

• The study is based on single and/or multiple data sets.

Type of publication

• Publications in peer-reviewed journals which can be retrieved through our search approach; and

• Editorials, comments, newspaper articles and other forms of popular media;

• Studies, to which full publication is available.

• Conference abstracts; or

• Studies, to which no full publication is available.

Date

• The study has been published in 1995 or later.

• The study has been published before 1995.

Language

• No restrictions on language; and

• Studies with no translation into English or German possible.

• Studies written not in English or German will be labelled as ‘other languages’. In order to obtain further information or full translations in English, we will contact corresponding authors.