Table 1 Definitions
Sexual orientation | “a person’s capacity for profound emotional, affectional, and sexual attraction to, and intimate and sexual relations with, individuals of the same gender, of a different gender, or of more than one gender” [11] |
Gender identity | “a person’s deeply felt internal and individual experience of gender including the personal sense of the body. Gender identity may be completely male or female or may lie outside the male/female binary” [11] |
Gender expression | “a person’s desired external appearance as it relates to social expectations and norms of femininity and masculinity” [11] |
Conversion therapy | “any treatment, practice, or sustained effort that aims to repress, discourage, or change a person’s sexual orientation, gender identity, gender modality, gender expression, or any behaviours associated with a gender other than the person’s sex assigned at birth or that aims to alter an intersex trait without adequate justification” [11] |
Sexual orientation and gender identity change efforts | SOGIECE are related to conversion therapy in that both sets of practices aim to repress, discourage, or change one’s gender identity, gender expression, and/or sexual orientation; however, SOGIECE additionally include less well defined and advertised practices, which in some cases may not be sustained (e.g., single sessions/conversations) [2, 22, 23] |