Author (year) | Country | Number of centers | Total number of randomized participants | Gender (male/female) | Age, mean ± SD (years) | Duration of KOA | K/L grading | Intervention | Control condition | Outcome measure | Adverse events |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Abbott (2013) [30] | New Zealand | 1 | 156 | 71/85 | 67.30 ± 10.20 E 66.90 ± 8.20 C 66.10 ± 10.70 C | 2.50 ± 1.40 E, Y 2.60 ± 1.40 C, Y 2.80 ± 1.30 C, Y | NR | Manual therapy | Exercise therapy/usual care | VAS | - |
Chiranthanut (2014) [31] | Thailand | 1 | 60 | 16/44 | 65.45 ± 9.75 E 63.70 ± 6.07 C 62.25 ± 9.50 C | 7.37 ± 7.16 E, Y 6.45 ± 4.87 C, Y 7.95 ± 8.20 C, Y | II −IV | Thai massage | Herb application/oral analgesics | VAS | + |
Dong (2021) [32] | China | 1 | 210 | 138/72 | 61.90 ± 6.70 E 62.40 ± 7.30 C | 2.40 ± 0.70 E, Y 2.90 ± 0.30 C, Y | 0 − II | Chinese massage | Herb application | VAS and WOMAC pain | - |
Feng (2014) [33] | China | 1 | 62 | 21/41 | 62.13 ± 4.47 | 2.89 ± 0.31, Y | NR | Chinese massage | Acupuncture | WOMAC pain | NR |
Fitzgerald (2016) [34] | USA | 3 | 226 | 74/152 | 58.30 ± 9.80 E 58.40 ± 8.70 C 58.00 ± 10.00 C | < 1 Y 26 1–2 Y 29 3–5 Y 46 5–10 Y 70 > 10 Y 55 | NR | Manual therapy | Exercise therapy/usual care | VAS | + |
Lai (2020) [35] | China | 1 | 40 | 17/23 | 65.29 ± 10.55 E 65.70 ± 10.16 C | 4.12 ± 0.50 E, Y 4.03 ± 0.51 C, Y | NR | Manual therapy | Moxibustion | VAS | NR |
Liang (2012) [36] | China | 1 | 60 | 16/44 | 56.17 ± 9.48 E 58.26 ± 11.92 C | 13.24 ± 6.53 E, M 10.75 ± 7.12 C, M | 0–II | Manual therapy | Acupuncture | VAS | NR |
Lin (2018) [37] | China | 1 | 60 | 13/43 | 60.66 ± 6.07 E 60.83 ± 5.86 C | NR | NR | Chinese massage | Herbal application | WOMAC pain | - |
Liu (2019) [38] | China | 1 | 60 | 19/41 | 61.37 ± 10.31 E 62.83 ± 8.66 C | 20.45 ± 7.27 E, M 21.63 ± 4.93 C, M | 0–IV | Manual therapy | Herbal application | VAS | - |
Peng (2018) [39] | China | 1 | 98 | 44/54 | 55.19 ± 8.24 E 56.07 ± 9.24 C | 1.82 ± 0.91 E, Y 1.78 ± 0.85 C, Y | NR | Chinese massage | Intra-articular injection | VAS and WOMAC pain | NR |
Perlman (2006) [40] | USA | 2 | 68 | 15/53 | 70.40 ± 11.30 E 66.20 ± 11.30 C | NR | NR | Swedish massage | Usual care | VAS | + |
Perlman (2012) [41] | USA | 2 | 50 | 38,12 | 62.60 ± 10.60 E 63.60 ± 10.20 C | NR | NR | Swedish massage | Usual care | VAS | - |
Qu (2020) [42] | China | 1 | 100 | 42/58 | 43–60 | NR | NR | Chinese massage | Herbal application | VAS | NR |
Wu (2015) [43] | China | 1 | 60 | 18/42 | 63.37 ± 5.76 E 64.58 ± 4.24 C | 5.26 ± 3.21 E, Y 4.86 ± 3.73 C, Y | NR | Manual therapy | Usual care | WOMAC pain | NR |
Xu (2021) [44] | China | 1 | 91 | 13/74 | 70.07 ± 3.85 E 69.80 ± 3.51 C | 40.18 ± 19.56 E, M 39.81 ± 19.19 C, M | I-III | Chinese massage | Oral analgesics | VAS | + |
Yao (2018) [45] | China | 1 | 72 | 33/39 | 57.34 ± 11.56 E 56.82 ± 12.41 C | 4.06 ± 1.25 E, Y 4.22 ± 1.47 C, Y | I-III | Chinese massage | Oral analgesics | VAS | NR |
Yuan (2018) [46] | China | 1 | 74 | 21/52 | 61.00 ± 9.70 E 58.20 ± 10.80 C | 9.05 ± 7.90 E, Y 10.40 ± 8.50 C, Y | NR | Chinese massage | Oral analgesics | WOMAC pain | NR |
Zhang (2014) [47] | China | 1 | 120 | 95/25 | 61.82 ± 7.73 E 62.43 ± 6.13 C | 8.29 ± 3.07 E, Y 8.81 ± 3.26 C, Y | NR | Chinese massage | Acupuncture | WOMAC pain | NR |
Zhang (2018) [48] | China | 1 | 60 | 41/19 | 59.80 ± 7.25 E 63.40 ± 4.98 C | 9.20 ± 2.50 E, Y 8.80 ± 1.40 C, Y | NR | Chinese massage | Acupuncture | VAS | NR |
Yang (2022) [49] | China | 1 | 448 | 134/314 | 54.95 ± 11.26 E 58.26 ± 9.32 C | 6.50 ± 4.76 E, Y 5.00 ± 6.12 C, Y | I–II | Chinese massage | Acupuncture | VAS | - |
Xu (2022) [50] | China | 1 | 68 | 31/37 | 58.00 ± 4.74 E 60.82 ± 7.40 C | 18.62 ± 6.61 E, M 21.74 ± 10.12 C, M | I–III | Chinese massage | Cupping | VAS | - |
Ma (2022) [51] | China | 1 | 74 | 33/41 | 54.17 ± 8.62 E 54.78 ± 9.13 C | 30.54 ± 42.17 E, M 31.24 ± 41.76 C, M | I–III | Chinese massage | Intra-articular injection | VAS | - |
Liu (2022) [52] | China | 1 | 90 | 29/61 | 58.80 ± 7.60 E 58.90 ± 7.80 E 58.80 ± 7.10 C | 5.30 ± 2.50 E, Y 5.40 ± 2.90 E, Y 5.40 ± 3.30 C, Y | I–III | Chinese massage | Exercise therapy | VAS | - |
Liu (2023) [53] | China | 1 | 96 | 38/58 | 60.33 ± 3.44 E 59.56 ± 3.57 C | NR | 0–III | Chinese massage | Usual care | VAS | + |
Guo (2022) [54] | China | 1 | 151 | 71/80 | 62.00 ± 7.80 E 61.50 ± 7.20 C 63.20 ± 8.00 C | 5.80 ± 4.80 E, Y 6.20 ± 5.50 C, Y 5.60 ± 5.90 C, Y | NR | Chinese massage | Usual care/exercise therapy | VAS and WOMAC pain | NR |