Does arthroscopic or open washout in native knee septic arthritis result in superior post-operative function? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials and observational studies

Table 2 Characteristics of included studies

Study	Location	Study design	Evidence level⁽¹⁶⁾	Number of patients		Male (%)		Age (years)		Follow-up (months)
				AW	OW	AW	OW	AW	OW
Peres (2016) [23]	Brazil	RCT	1	10	11	7 (70.0)	7 (63.6)	42 (11–66)^¶	45.4 (19–74)^¶	Min 24
Balabaud (2007 [24]	France	Cohort	3	21	19	31 (77.5)	31 (77.5)	49 ± 20 (19–81)^¶		22 ± 2 (12–96)^¶
Böhler (2016) [25]	Austria	Cohort	3	41	29	27 (65.9)	19 (65.5)	49 (30–64)¥	71 (65–78)¥	12¥ (12–15)
Johns (2017) [26]	Australia	Cohort	3	119	42	80 (67.2)	28 (66.7)	57.5 (15.8)^¥	65.8 (16.0)^¥	-
Kalem (2018) [27]	Turkey	Cohort	3	13	11	8 (61.5)	6 (54.5)	56.6 ± 14.9^¶	59.5 ± 17.2^¶	6
Sabater-Martos (2021) [28]	Spain	Cohort	3	12	15	18 (66.7)		64.8 (30–89)		Min 12
Wirtz (2001) [29]	Germany	Cohort	3	27	24	25 (49.0)		59.7 (21–94)^¶		26.4^¶

^¶ Mean value ± standard deviation (range). ^¥Median value (interquartile range)

ISSN: 2046-4053